Pipeline water hammer pressure refers to the instantaneous pressure formed by the sudden change of water flow state (flow rate) in the pipeline system. For example, when the pipeline valve is suddenly closed or opened, the water flow speed will change instantaneously, and the originally flowing water body cannot adapt to the change in time due to inertia, resulting in strong pressure fluctuations. This pressure fluctuation is like a hammer hitting the pipeline, and the instantaneous pressure peak may be several times the normal working pressure. If the pipeline system is not well protected, the water hammer pressure may cause the pipeline to break, loose joints, and even damage the water facilities, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the pipeline system. Therefore, in the design of pipeline engineering such as water supply and drainage and heating, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of water hammer pressure.